E D I T E D V O L U M E
S.M. Garcia, Tor, A., & Elliot, A. (2024) Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
P U B L I C A T I O N S
Hanek, K. & Garcia, S.M. (in press). Countering social information: Low identity integration leads to nonconformity in consumption choices. Psychology & Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.70141
Ritov, I., & Garcia, S.M. (in press). The ironic effect of entitlement: Giving behavior increases with entitled pursuit of information. Judgment and Decision Making.
Chai, V., Converse, B.A., Garcia, S.M., & Chen, P. (in press). Amicable rivalries and hostile rivalries: Divergent profiles of motivation and unethical conduct. Journal of Applied Psychology.
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2025). N-equality: Inequality increases with number of allocation recipients. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, link
Ritov, I., & Garcia, S.M. (2025). Deliberate ignorance in resource allocation to others: The role of entitlement. Current Opinion in Psychology, 65, 102089. link
Maciejovsky, B., Teekathananont, G., Chen, P., & Garcia, S.M. (2025). Standard-based entitlement: How relative performance disclosure affects pay request. Journal of Business Ethics. link
Tor, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2024). The malleability of inequality trade-offs. In K. Mathis & A. Tor (Eds.), Law and Economics of Justice: Efficiency, Reciprocity, Meritocracy. New York: Springer.
Hanek, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). Gender and competitive performance: Closing gaps with smaller competitions. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. link
Tor, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). The neuroscience of social comparison and competition. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 23, 920-943. link
Moyal, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). The seller’s status-signaling fallacy. Psychology & Marketing, https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21860 link
Ritov, I., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). Identifiability impedes efficiency maximization: A third-party perspective. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2338. link
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., & Elliot, A. (2023). What is the psychology of competition? In S.M. Garcia, A. Tor, & A. Elliot (Eds), Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2023) Social comparison and competition: General frameworks, focused models, and emerging phenomena. In S.M. Garcia, A. Tor, & A. Elliot (Eds), Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Saridakis, G., Georgellis, Y., Benson, V., Garcia, S.M., Johnstone, S., & Lai, Y. (2023). Work from home (WFH), employee productivity and wellbeing: lessons from COVID-19 and future implications. Information Technology & People, 36, 1757-1765.
Hanek, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2022). Barriers for women in the workplace: A social psychological perspective. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12706 link
Reese, Z.A., Garcia, S.M., & Edelstein, R. (2022). More than a game: Trait competitiveness predicts motivation in minimally competitive contexts. Personality and Individual Differences, 185, 111262.
Ritov, I. & Garcia, S.M. (2022) Ventilator allocations: The effect of mere identifiability. Behavioral Science & Policy, 8, 35-44. link
Chen, P., Garcia, S.M., Chai, V., & Gonzalez, R. (2021) Comparing and being compared: A dual process framework of competition. Advances in Group Processes, 38, 143-164. link
Garcia, S.M., Arora, P., Reese, Z.A., & Shain, M.J. (2020) Free agency and organizational rankings: A social comparison perspective on signaling theory. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 89 link
Garcia, S.M., Reese, Z., & Tor, A. (2020) Social comparison before, during, and after the competition. In J. Sul, L. Wheeler, & R. Collins (Eds), Social Comparison, Judgment and Behavior, Oxford University Press.
Garcia, S.M., Weaver, K., & Chen, P. (2019) The status signals paradox. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10, 690-696. link
Weaver, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2018) The adding-and-averaging effect in bundles of information: Preference reversals across joint and separate evaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 24, 296-305. link
Wu, K., Garcia, S.M., & Kopelman, S., (2018). Frogs, ponds, and culture: Variations in entry decisions. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9, 99-106. link
Georgellis, Y., Garcia, S.M., Gregoriou, A., & Ozbilgin, M. (2017) Pay referents and satisfaction with pay: Does occupational proximity matter? British Journal of Management, DOI: 10.1111/1467-8551.12272. link
Garcia, S.M., & Halldorsson, A., (2017). Social comparison, In R. Biswas-Diener & E. Diener (Eds), Noba textbook series: Psychology. Champaign, IL: DEF Publishers.
Lee, Y.K., Weaver, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2016). I’ll have fries with that: Increasing choice complexity promotes indulgent food choices. Psychology and Marketing, 33, 505-515. link
Hanek, K., Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2016) Gender and competitive preferences: The role of competition size. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 1122-33 link
Weaver, K.D., Hock, S., & Garcia, S.M. (2016) “Top 10” reasons: When adding persuasive arguments reduces persuasion. Marketing Letters, 27, 27-38. link
Garcia, S.M., Chen, P., & Gordon, M.T. (2014) The letter versus spirit of the law: A lay perspective on culpability. Judgment and Decision Making, 9, 479.490. link
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., & Schiff, T. (2013). The psychology of competition: A social comparison perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8, 634 –650. link
Weaver, K.D., Garcia, S.M., & Schwarz, N. (2012). The presenter’s paradox. Journal of Consumer Research, 39, 445-460 link
Chen, P., Myers, C., Kopelman, S., & Garcia, S.M. (2012). The hierarchical face: Higher ranks lead to less cooperative looks. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 479-86. link
Garcia, S.M., Song, H. & Tesser, A. (2010). Tainted recommendations: The social comparison bias. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 13, 97-101. link
Ybarra, O., Keller, M.C., Chan, E., Garcia, S.M., Sanchez-Burks, J., Rios Morrison, K., & Baron, A. (2010). Being unpredictable: Friend or foe matters. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1, 259-267.
Garcia, S.M., Bazerman, M.H., Kopelman, S., Tor, A., & Miller, D.T. (2010). The price of equality: Suboptimal resource allocations across social categories. [Special Issue on Integrative Perspectives on Behavioral Ethics] Business Ethics Quarterly, 20, 75-88. link
Tor, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2010). The N-Effect: Beyond probability judgments. Psychological Science, 21, 748-749. link
Tor, A., Gazal-Ayal, O., & Garcia, S.M. (2010). Fairness and the willingness to accept plea bargain offers. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 7, 97-116. link
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2009). The N-Effect: More competitors, less competition. Psychological Science, 20, 871-877. link
Garcia, S.M., Weaver, K., Darley, J., & Spence, B.T. (2009). Dual effects of implicit bystanders: Diffusing vs. facilitating helping behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19, 215-224. link
Garcia, S.M., Meyle, M.J., & Provins, E. (2009). Headcounts and equal opportunity: “People accounting” in the workplace. In M. Ozbilgin (Ed.), Theory and Scholarship in Equality, Diversity and Inclusion at Work. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Press.
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2007). Rankings, standards, and competition: Task vs. scale comparisons. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 102, 95-108. link
Garcia, S.M., & Miller, D.T. (2007). Social categories and group preference disputes: The aversion to winner-take-all solutions. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 10, 581-593. link
Weaver, K., Garcia, S.M., Schwarz, N., & Miller, D.T. (2007). Inferring the popularity of an opinion from its familiarity: A repetitive voice can sound like a chorus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 821-833. link
Garcia, S.M., & Harrison, B.J. (2007). A decision model of helping behavior. In. R. Baumeister & K. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Garcia, S.M., & Ybarra, O. (2007). People accounting: Social category-based choice. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 802-809. link
Garcia, S.M., Hallahan, M., & Rosenthal, R. (2007). Poor expression: Concealing social class stigma. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 29, 99-107. link
Ybarra, O., Keller, M., Chan, E., Hutsler, J., Garcia, S.M., Sanchez-Burks, J., & Rios-Morrison, K. (2007). The social prediction dynamic: A legacy of cognition and mixed-motives. In Forgas, Haselton, & von Hippel (Eds.), The Evolution of the Social Mind. New York: Psychology Press.
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., & Gonzalez, R.D. (2006). Ranks and rivals: A theory of competition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 970-982. link
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., Bazerman, M.H., & Miller, D.T. (2005). Profit maximization versus disadvantageous inequality: The impact of self-categorization. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 18, 187-198. link
Weaver, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2005). The self-presenter’s paradox: Motivated reasoning in impression formation. Advances in Consumer Research, 32, 363-364. link
Garcia, S.M., Weaver, K., Moskowitz, G.B., & Darley, J.M. (2002). Crowded minds: The implicit bystander effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 843-853. link
Garcia, S.M. (2002). Power and the illusion of transparency in negotiation. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17, 133-144. link
Garcia, S.M., Darley, J., & Robinson, R. (2001). Morally questionable tactics: Negotiations between district attorneys and public defenders. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 731-743. link
Garcia, S.M., & Rosenhan, D. (1998). Power and intergroup perception between public defenders and district attorneys. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 15, 15-24.
Garcia, S.M. (2010) Review of “Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments” (Eds.) Roderick M. Kramer, Ann E. Tenbrunsel, & Max H. Bazerman, International Public Management Journal, 13, 197-200.
S.M. Garcia, Tor, A., & Elliot, A. (2024) Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
P U B L I C A T I O N S
Hanek, K. & Garcia, S.M. (in press). Countering social information: Low identity integration leads to nonconformity in consumption choices. Psychology & Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.70141
Ritov, I., & Garcia, S.M. (in press). The ironic effect of entitlement: Giving behavior increases with entitled pursuit of information. Judgment and Decision Making.
Chai, V., Converse, B.A., Garcia, S.M., & Chen, P. (in press). Amicable rivalries and hostile rivalries: Divergent profiles of motivation and unethical conduct. Journal of Applied Psychology.
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2025). N-equality: Inequality increases with number of allocation recipients. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, link
Ritov, I., & Garcia, S.M. (2025). Deliberate ignorance in resource allocation to others: The role of entitlement. Current Opinion in Psychology, 65, 102089. link
Maciejovsky, B., Teekathananont, G., Chen, P., & Garcia, S.M. (2025). Standard-based entitlement: How relative performance disclosure affects pay request. Journal of Business Ethics. link
Tor, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2024). The malleability of inequality trade-offs. In K. Mathis & A. Tor (Eds.), Law and Economics of Justice: Efficiency, Reciprocity, Meritocracy. New York: Springer.
Hanek, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). Gender and competitive performance: Closing gaps with smaller competitions. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. link
Tor, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). The neuroscience of social comparison and competition. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 23, 920-943. link
Moyal, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). The seller’s status-signaling fallacy. Psychology & Marketing, https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21860 link
Ritov, I., & Garcia, S.M. (2023). Identifiability impedes efficiency maximization: A third-party perspective. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2338. link
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., & Elliot, A. (2023). What is the psychology of competition? In S.M. Garcia, A. Tor, & A. Elliot (Eds), Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2023) Social comparison and competition: General frameworks, focused models, and emerging phenomena. In S.M. Garcia, A. Tor, & A. Elliot (Eds), Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Saridakis, G., Georgellis, Y., Benson, V., Garcia, S.M., Johnstone, S., & Lai, Y. (2023). Work from home (WFH), employee productivity and wellbeing: lessons from COVID-19 and future implications. Information Technology & People, 36, 1757-1765.
Hanek, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2022). Barriers for women in the workplace: A social psychological perspective. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12706 link
Reese, Z.A., Garcia, S.M., & Edelstein, R. (2022). More than a game: Trait competitiveness predicts motivation in minimally competitive contexts. Personality and Individual Differences, 185, 111262.
Ritov, I. & Garcia, S.M. (2022) Ventilator allocations: The effect of mere identifiability. Behavioral Science & Policy, 8, 35-44. link
Chen, P., Garcia, S.M., Chai, V., & Gonzalez, R. (2021) Comparing and being compared: A dual process framework of competition. Advances in Group Processes, 38, 143-164. link
Garcia, S.M., Arora, P., Reese, Z.A., & Shain, M.J. (2020) Free agency and organizational rankings: A social comparison perspective on signaling theory. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 89 link
Garcia, S.M., Reese, Z., & Tor, A. (2020) Social comparison before, during, and after the competition. In J. Sul, L. Wheeler, & R. Collins (Eds), Social Comparison, Judgment and Behavior, Oxford University Press.
Garcia, S.M., Weaver, K., & Chen, P. (2019) The status signals paradox. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10, 690-696. link
Weaver, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2018) The adding-and-averaging effect in bundles of information: Preference reversals across joint and separate evaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 24, 296-305. link
Wu, K., Garcia, S.M., & Kopelman, S., (2018). Frogs, ponds, and culture: Variations in entry decisions. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9, 99-106. link
Georgellis, Y., Garcia, S.M., Gregoriou, A., & Ozbilgin, M. (2017) Pay referents and satisfaction with pay: Does occupational proximity matter? British Journal of Management, DOI: 10.1111/1467-8551.12272. link
Garcia, S.M., & Halldorsson, A., (2017). Social comparison, In R. Biswas-Diener & E. Diener (Eds), Noba textbook series: Psychology. Champaign, IL: DEF Publishers.
Lee, Y.K., Weaver, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2016). I’ll have fries with that: Increasing choice complexity promotes indulgent food choices. Psychology and Marketing, 33, 505-515. link
Hanek, K., Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2016) Gender and competitive preferences: The role of competition size. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 1122-33 link
Weaver, K.D., Hock, S., & Garcia, S.M. (2016) “Top 10” reasons: When adding persuasive arguments reduces persuasion. Marketing Letters, 27, 27-38. link
Garcia, S.M., Chen, P., & Gordon, M.T. (2014) The letter versus spirit of the law: A lay perspective on culpability. Judgment and Decision Making, 9, 479.490. link
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., & Schiff, T. (2013). The psychology of competition: A social comparison perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8, 634 –650. link
Weaver, K.D., Garcia, S.M., & Schwarz, N. (2012). The presenter’s paradox. Journal of Consumer Research, 39, 445-460 link
Chen, P., Myers, C., Kopelman, S., & Garcia, S.M. (2012). The hierarchical face: Higher ranks lead to less cooperative looks. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 479-86. link
Garcia, S.M., Song, H. & Tesser, A. (2010). Tainted recommendations: The social comparison bias. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 13, 97-101. link
Ybarra, O., Keller, M.C., Chan, E., Garcia, S.M., Sanchez-Burks, J., Rios Morrison, K., & Baron, A. (2010). Being unpredictable: Friend or foe matters. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1, 259-267.
Garcia, S.M., Bazerman, M.H., Kopelman, S., Tor, A., & Miller, D.T. (2010). The price of equality: Suboptimal resource allocations across social categories. [Special Issue on Integrative Perspectives on Behavioral Ethics] Business Ethics Quarterly, 20, 75-88. link
Tor, A., & Garcia, S.M. (2010). The N-Effect: Beyond probability judgments. Psychological Science, 21, 748-749. link
Tor, A., Gazal-Ayal, O., & Garcia, S.M. (2010). Fairness and the willingness to accept plea bargain offers. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 7, 97-116. link
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2009). The N-Effect: More competitors, less competition. Psychological Science, 20, 871-877. link
Garcia, S.M., Weaver, K., Darley, J., & Spence, B.T. (2009). Dual effects of implicit bystanders: Diffusing vs. facilitating helping behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19, 215-224. link
Garcia, S.M., Meyle, M.J., & Provins, E. (2009). Headcounts and equal opportunity: “People accounting” in the workplace. In M. Ozbilgin (Ed.), Theory and Scholarship in Equality, Diversity and Inclusion at Work. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Press.
Garcia, S.M., & Tor, A. (2007). Rankings, standards, and competition: Task vs. scale comparisons. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 102, 95-108. link
Garcia, S.M., & Miller, D.T. (2007). Social categories and group preference disputes: The aversion to winner-take-all solutions. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 10, 581-593. link
Weaver, K., Garcia, S.M., Schwarz, N., & Miller, D.T. (2007). Inferring the popularity of an opinion from its familiarity: A repetitive voice can sound like a chorus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 821-833. link
Garcia, S.M., & Harrison, B.J. (2007). A decision model of helping behavior. In. R. Baumeister & K. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Garcia, S.M., & Ybarra, O. (2007). People accounting: Social category-based choice. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 802-809. link
Garcia, S.M., Hallahan, M., & Rosenthal, R. (2007). Poor expression: Concealing social class stigma. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 29, 99-107. link
Ybarra, O., Keller, M., Chan, E., Hutsler, J., Garcia, S.M., Sanchez-Burks, J., & Rios-Morrison, K. (2007). The social prediction dynamic: A legacy of cognition and mixed-motives. In Forgas, Haselton, & von Hippel (Eds.), The Evolution of the Social Mind. New York: Psychology Press.
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., & Gonzalez, R.D. (2006). Ranks and rivals: A theory of competition. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 970-982. link
Garcia, S.M., Tor, A., Bazerman, M.H., & Miller, D.T. (2005). Profit maximization versus disadvantageous inequality: The impact of self-categorization. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 18, 187-198. link
Weaver, K., & Garcia, S.M. (2005). The self-presenter’s paradox: Motivated reasoning in impression formation. Advances in Consumer Research, 32, 363-364. link
Garcia, S.M., Weaver, K., Moskowitz, G.B., & Darley, J.M. (2002). Crowded minds: The implicit bystander effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 843-853. link
Garcia, S.M. (2002). Power and the illusion of transparency in negotiation. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17, 133-144. link
Garcia, S.M., Darley, J., & Robinson, R. (2001). Morally questionable tactics: Negotiations between district attorneys and public defenders. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 731-743. link
Garcia, S.M., & Rosenhan, D. (1998). Power and intergroup perception between public defenders and district attorneys. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 15, 15-24.
Garcia, S.M. (2010) Review of “Social Decision Making: Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments” (Eds.) Roderick M. Kramer, Ann E. Tenbrunsel, & Max H. Bazerman, International Public Management Journal, 13, 197-200.
